Within days of the state carving up 16% quota for Marathas and 5% quota for Muslims in government jobs and education, the Directorate of Technical Education (DTE) implemented them for diploma holders' lateral entry into second-year engineering and pharmacy degree courses. The windfall has severely cut competition: there are far fewer candidates seeking admission now than there are seats for them.
Of the more than 1 lakh second-year engineering seats up for grabs, the government is responsible for filling 98,261 through its common admission process. As a result of the reservations, there are 15,722 seats for socially and educationally backward Marathas and 4,913 seats for Muslims in second-year engineering. But their respective number of applicants is just 9,613 and 384.
Similarly, for second-year pharmacy, the overall tally of seats is 4,640. But the figure of Maratha and Muslim applicants for the programme is merely 180 and three, respectively.
"We implemented the quota this year because it was cleared by the state Cabinet before we started the admission process. The process can begin only after the university results for first-year pharmacy and engineering are declared. That will give a clear idea of the seats available in second year," said DTE director S K Mahajan.
In June, the Maharashtra government cleared additional 21% quota for the politically influential Maratha community and for Muslims in government jobs and educational institutions, taking the total reservation in the state to 73%. Reservation already existed among OBCs for a section of Marathas known as Kunbis. Maratha Kunbis, who are largely agriculturists, make up 31.5% of the total Maratha population and have a large presence in Vidarbha and Konkan. "These students apply separately under the OBC quota," said an official.
Though limited in implementation this year, the 16% Maratha and 5% Muslim reservations will be extended to all courses in 2015. Social scientists say that candidates' response in the new quotas' first year cannot indicate if the reservations are essential. Nor can it help in predicting a pattern for the years to come. "However, the reservation may not stand the test of legal scrutiny," said a faculty of Mumbai University.
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